Fire detection systems are designed to discover fires early in their development when time will still be available for the safe evacuation of occupants. Early detection also plays a significant role in protecting the safety of emergency response personnel. Property loss can be reduced and downtime for the operation minimized through early detection because control efforts are started while the fire is still small. To be useful, detectors must be coupled with alarms. Alarm systems provide notice to at least the building occupants and usually transmit a signal to a staffed monitoring station either on or off site.
In a typical Conventional Fire Alarm System the ‘intelligence’ of the system resides solely within the Fire Alarm Control Panel, which receives a trigger signal from a Conventional Detector or Call Point and in turn, signals the condition to other devices such as alarm sounders and remote signalling equipment. The control panel operates from house power but also usually contains an emergency battery which can operate the system for about 24 hours during a power outage.
Analogue Addressable Fire Alarm Systems differ from conventional systems in a number of ways and certainly add more flexibility, intelligence, speed of identification and scope of control. These systems consist of a central control panel to which smoke alarms and heat detectors are connected, along with bells or horns that are activated when the system triggers an alarm. The control panel operates from house power but also usually contains an emergency battery which can operate the system for about 24 hours during a power outage. Addressable panels are usually much more advanced than their conventional counterparts, with a higher degree of programming flexibility and single point detection.
The main components that constitute a fire detection and alarm system are:
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